API 570 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
API 571 STUDY GUIDE
As discussed in API 570 STUDY GUIDE MODULE 2 : PART 2, the important points of each mechanism will be discussed here. You have to go through the relevant portion of the code for thorough understanding on the topic.
4.2.14 of API 571 : Erosion/Erosion-Corrosion
There are two terms in this 1) Erosion 2) Erosion-Corrosion.
So there will be points in all the subheadings related to both these points. That means for example under the heading Prevention/Mitigation there will be points to prevent erosion and also there will be point to prevent corrosion and the related erosion.
Description of Damage
Erosion is the mechanical removal of surface
material. Metal is removed Mechanically and it is from the surface of the
material.
For mechanical removal there should be something which should
scratch the material from the surface and that is by the relative
movement between or impact from solids, liquids or any combination thereof. Liquid
and Vapor also causes erosion that means Liquid and vapor also scratches
material from the surface.
Erosion-corrosion: suppose a protective film on a surface prevents
corrosion of a surface. If that protective layer is removed by erosion then fresh material is exposed where corrosion may occur. This way erosion along with corrosion makes mechanical
damage to the metal.
Affected Materials
All Metals,
Alloys and Refractories
Critical Factors
The size,
shape, density and hardness of the impacting medium affect the metal loss rate.
Those factors which may increase
the corrosion will also increase the Erosion-Corrosion . So increase in temperature and pH etc that which increases the corrosion increase the erosion-corrosion also.
Affected Units
All types
of equipments exposed to moving fluids and or catalyst
Ersoion can
be caused by gas borne catalyst particles
Hydroprocessing
reactor effluent piping may be subject to erosion-corrosion by ammonium
bisulfide.
Apperance
The metal losses
often exhibit a directional pattern.
Localized
loss in thickness in the form of pits, grooves, gullies, waves, rounded holes
and valleys.
Prevention/Mitigation
Erosion:-
Improvements
in design (involve changes in shape, geometry and material selection)
Read the examples of design improvements under the clause 4.2.14.6 (a) of API 571
Increased Substrate hardness
Erosion-Corrosion:-
Corrosion resistant alloys
Altering the process environment to reduce corrosivity
RT/UT for detecting the extent of metal loss
IR scans can detect refractory loss on stream
Liquid impingement erosion
Fretting
Read the examples of design improvements under the clause 4.2.14.6 (a) of API 571
Increased Substrate hardness
Erosion-Corrosion:-
Corrosion resistant alloys
Altering the process environment to reduce corrosivity
Inspection and Monitoring
Visual ExaminationRT/UT for detecting the extent of metal loss
IR scans can detect refractory loss on stream
Related Mechanism
CavitationLiquid impingement erosion
Fretting
EXAM TUTORIAL VIDEO
Questions and Answers
The questions and answers are for the evaluation of your understanding on the subject. You have to read the relevant portion of the code for answering these questions.
Hope you enjoyed the quiz.
This series will continue...
This blog is not a replacement for the training provided by authorized partners/experienced institutions nor this blog guarantee success in API exams. This blog is the outcome of the approach followed by the author for the preparation of API exams.
Disclaimer: Photos are taken from different websites. If this violates any copyright rules this will be removed. Please inform me if any of the photos or contents violate copyright rules. (through 13hareesh13@gmail.com). This blog is meant for educational purposes only. If it is used for any other means without the written consent from the author, the author will not be responsible. The author does not guarantee the accuracy of the data used in this blog. All the information, data, photo/image, calculations presented in this blog should be used at the sole risk of the user. The blogger is not liable or responsible in any way for any damage, losses or costs arising from the use of the blog for any purpose whatsoever or whosoever it may be. The blog is to be used at your sole risk and responsibility.
Hope you enjoyed the quiz.
This series will continue...
This blog is not a replacement for the training provided by authorized partners/experienced institutions nor this blog guarantee success in API exams. This blog is the outcome of the approach followed by the author for the preparation of API exams.
Disclaimer: Photos are taken from different websites. If this violates any copyright rules this will be removed. Please inform me if any of the photos or contents violate copyright rules. (through 13hareesh13@gmail.com). This blog is meant for educational purposes only. If it is used for any other means without the written consent from the author, the author will not be responsible. The author does not guarantee the accuracy of the data used in this blog. All the information, data, photo/image, calculations presented in this blog should be used at the sole risk of the user. The blogger is not liable or responsible in any way for any damage, losses or costs arising from the use of the blog for any purpose whatsoever or whosoever it may be. The blog is to be used at your sole risk and responsibility.
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